Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Eating Disorders in Youth: Traditional Yoga, Virtual Reality, Light Therapy, Neurofeedback, Acupuncture, Energy Psychology Techniques, Art Therapies, and Spirituality.

Eating disorders (EDs) are a non-heterogeneous group of illnesses with significant physical and mental comorbidity and mortality associated with maladaptive coping. With the exception of lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) for binge eating disorder, no medications have been effective for the core symptoms of ED. ED requires a multimodal approach. Complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) can be helpful as an adjunct. The most promising CIM interventions are traditional yoga, virtual reality, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, Music Therapy, and biofeedback/neurofeedback.

All Shades of Anxiety: A Review of Therapeutic and Psychotropic Considerations for Child and Adolescent Youth of Color.

The literature on anxiety in Black, Indigenous, and other persons of color youth is a developing area. This article highlights distinct areas for the clinician to consider in working with these populations. We highlight prevalence and incidence, race-related stress, social media, substance use, spirituality, the impact of social determinants of health (including COVID-19 and the Syndemic), as well as treatment considerations. Our aim is to contribute to the readers' developing cultural humility.

Relationship between anxiety and spiritual well-being of the elderly with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To study the relationship between anxiety and the spiritual wellbeing of hypertensive elderly patients during the corona virus disease-2019 pandemic. Method: The cross-sectional, correlational, analytical study was conducted from March to May 2022 in Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia, after approval from the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, and comprised elderly hypertensive subjects aged >45 years who had good cognitive skills. Data was collected using the Geriatric Anxiety Scale and the Spiritual Wellbeing Scale. Anxiety was the independent variable, while spiritual wellbeing was the dependent variable. Data was analysed using univariate and bivariate analyses. RESULTS: Of the 200 subjects, 107(53.5%) were females and 93(46.5%) were males. Overall, 97(48.5%) were aged 45-49 years, 81(40.5%) had completed primary school, 96(48%) were farmers, 121(60.5%) had moderate anxiety and 80(40%) had moderate spiritual wellbeing. There was a significant relationship between anxiety and spiritual wellbeing (p<0.05). Age, education and occupation of the subjects had significant association with both anxiety and spiritual wellbeing (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The coronavirus disease-2019 led to decreased anxiety and increased spiritual wellbeing among the hypertensive elderly.

The Still, Small Voice of Grief.

When caring for a grieving patient, professional chaplains may assess the patient's spiritual suffering, address questions of meaning and purpose, and identify sources of comfort, love, and strength. In the setting of a pandemic, with heightened precautions and limited visitation by loved ones, all members of the clinical team are called to utilize compassionate listening and communication skills to address the pervasive isolation and grief of those in their care. This article uses a chaplain's personal narrative to explore the challenges of facilitating grief support with a newly bereaved patient who cannot speak. It presents the Biblical concept of kol d'mama daka, the "still small voice," as an image of the power of silence and revelation that comes when clinicians employ deep listening and compassion.

What Can Help Students Cope with COVID-19? The Contribution of Psychological Capital, Selfcompassion, and Spirituality to Subjective Well-being.

Objectives: In this research, we examined the academic and psychological coping of post-secondary students during the early stages of COVID-19. The main goal was to investigate correlations involving self- compassion, spirituality, psychological capital, and subjective well-being, and evaluate the mediating role of self-compassion and spirituality in the relationship between psychological capital and subjective well-being.Methods: We had 257 participants (ages 19-59) complete 5 questionnaires: demographic and academic information, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Subjective Well-Being Index, Spiritual Intelligence Self- Assessment Inventory, and Self-Compassion Index. Results: We found a strong positive correlation between psychological capital, self-compassion, and subjective well-being. However, spirituality failed to show statistically significant correlations with self-compassion and subjective well-being, with only weak correlations with psychological capital. Self-compassion positively mediated the relationship between psychological capital and subjective well-being, but not spirituality. Conclusion: These findings indicate the role of positive psychological resources of post-secondary students in coping with a difficult situation like COVID-19.

Moral distress and spiritual/religious orientation: Moral agency, norms and resilience.

BACKGROUND: Nurses tasked with providing care which they perceive as increasing suffering often experience moral distress. Response to moral distress in nurse wellbeing has been widely studied. Less research exists that probes practicing nurses' foundations of moral beliefs. AIMS: The purpose of this phenomenological study was to gain understanding of nurse meaning-making of morally distressing situations, with particular attention to ethical norms, moral agency and resiliency, and nurse religious/spiritual orientation. DESIGN: This exploratory study employed semi-structured interviews using open-ended questions. Qualitative data analysis was assisted by MAXQDA software. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT: Nine pulmonary care nurses during COVID-19 in a tertiary care teaching hospital in the northeastern United States. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The study was approved by the IRB. Participants were consented before the study and confidentiality was preserved. FINDINGS/RESULTS: The study revealed three main themes of meaning-making, rooted in the identity of the "good nurse": Being true to one's own values, pursuing ideal patient care ("doing good"), and conforming to/challenging values of the system and culture. Tensions were found between (a) nurse's own values (b) duty to institutional norms and duty to nurse's personal code of ethics, and (c) perceptions of institutional support in response to nurse moral distress. Religion was described as a remote source of nurse moral values, among other sources. Spiritual practices were not experienced as sufficient in coping with moral distress at the bedside. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests nurses need more opportunities to engage in reflection on their practice and values. The findings also indicate need for accessible institutional supports for nurses experiencing moral distress and strategic use of chaplains in helping with moral distress. Further research is needed on the interplay of nurse spirituality, moral agency, and reflective practice in the face of morally challenging situations.

A study of COVID anxiety, spiritual well-being and resilience levels in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in the south of Iran.

BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer are at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 with poor prognosis. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate anxiety, spiritual well-being, and resilience levels in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in the south of Fars Province, Iran. METHODS: This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design conducted on the patients undergoing chemotherapy at Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital in Fasa from November 2021 to February 2022. Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were included in the study by census method. Out of 210 patients, 155 participated in the study. Data were collected electronically using the standard instruments of Ellison's Spiritual Well-being Scale, COVID-19 anxiety questionnaire, and Connor-Davidson resilience scale. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation tests, T-test, ANOVA and multivariate linear regression at a level of significance of P < 0.05. RESULTS: The participants' resilience mean score was 46.35 ± 26.51 and their spiritual well-being mean score was 69.58 ± 9.32. In addition, their COVID anxiety mean, score was found to be 16.85 ± 10.51. The results showed a significant direct correlation between the patients' spiritual well-being and resilience (r = 0.47, P < 0.001) and a significant inverse correlation between the patients' spiritual well-being and COVID-19-related anxiety (r = - 0.275, P < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant inverse correlation between the variables of resilience and COVID-19-related anxiety (r = - 0.637, P < 0.001). Based on multivariate linear regression, the most common predictors in resilience were age and history of infection with COVID-19, and in spiritual health and anxiety, was a history of infection with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: Enhancement of spiritual well-being and resilience in patients should be an integral part of care as these qualities are valuable resources in fighting cancer and lowering patients' anxiety, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders' Perspective of COVID-19.

From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021-January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs.

We are (not) Different from the Others: Religious Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Slovakia and India.

Although the narrative of modernity has been rejected by numerous scientists, it remains a powerful paradigm. Several Western countries have, during the COVID-19 pandemic, witnessed renewed interest in some archaic practices and beliefs. Based mostly on media analysis, this paper provides an insight into religious responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia and India, two completely different cultural areas. Simultaneously, it challenges the self-identification of the West as the epicentre of rational thought, in contrast to the so-called non-Western world. The self-image of superiority adopted by the modern West in terms of religious relevance has proved to be distorted, as the tendency to turn to spiritual practices in times of crisis is not exclusively a feature of non-Western societies.

Faith Community Nursing and COVID-19: Creative and Inspired Practice.

ABSTRACT: A mixed-method, cross-sectional descriptive online survey was used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on faith community nurse (FCN) practice. The seven practice areas for FCNs provided a framework for a 20-question survey comparing their practice pre- and during COVID-19 was completed by 378 FCNs. The top five interventions during COVID were in the areas of spiritual support, health promotion, and advocating for services; a top need was peer support/networking. Creative strategies used to meet the faith community's needs were inspiring. Implications for practice adaptation are discussed.

The pandemic changes daily life and ways of living: technosociality and user/families experiences.

OBJECTIVES: understand the changes imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the daily lives of users of Primary Health Care and their families and its impact on self-care and health promotion. METHODS: this is a holistic-qualitative multiple case study, based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, in which 61 users participated. RESULTS: experiencing a new daily life in COVID-19 pandemic times, users express their feelings, adaptation to new habits and ways of living. Health technologies and virtual social networks stand out in helping with everyday tasks, in communicating with loved ones and health professionals, and in validating dubious information. Faith and spirituality arise in the face of uncertainty and suffering. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it is imperative to pay close attention to the changes in daily life caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to offer care directed to the singular and collective needs.

Pediatrics, Students, Allied Health and COVID-19.

This second issue of JORH for 2023 considers research relating to (1) pediatrics, (2) students, (3) various allied health professions and their related practices, and lastly, (4) COVID-19. An additional reminder is also provided to readers on the call for papers regarding a future issue on "Religion, Spirituality, Suicide, and its Prevention", as well as a new call for papers with respect to "Spiritual Care for People with Parkinson's Disease and their Caregivers".

Whole-of-Nation Moral Learning by Spiritual Hearts: A Case of Brunei's Transformation to tackle the COVID-19 Pandemic.

All nations are continuously learning how best to live with the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing organizational moral learning and Islamic spirituality perspectives, this paper proposes a learning framework called the whole-of-nation moral learning by spiritual hearts to understand the dynamics of learning and change in a nation tackling the pandemic. It proposes that to overcome the pandemic or any other crises, governance requires the combination of moral leadership and followership by spiritual hearts as agents for moral learning and change, supported by realigned and reconfigured systems for holistic growth. Brunei's journey in tackling the pandemic illustrates the framework.

Influence of spirituality on moral distress and resilience in critical care staff: A scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: The Covid 19 pandemic has created a situation in which critical care staff experience moral distress. For reducing moral distress, resources such as spirituality can be used. The aim of this scoping review is to explore whether spirituality mitigates the moral distress of critical care staff and strengthens their resilience. The spiritual resources will be identified and the ability of the staff to use spiritual resources will be explored. METHODOLOGY: A scoping review of studies reporting on the association between spirituality, moral distress, and resilience. Qualitative and quantitative studies from 2020 that examined critical care staff are included. This scoping review used the five-step framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework for scoping reviews. The literature searches were conducted in 12 databases. RESULTS: 13 studies met inclusion criteria. Critical care staff declaring themselves as spiritual have a higher risk of moral distress and are often not able to use spiritual resources on their own. For effective use of spiritual resources to reduce moral distress, staff need to be skilled in the practice of spirituality with the aim to find inner peace, focus on the positive, and regain a sense of purpose in the work. CONCLUSION: Spirituality does not automatically help the critical care staff to cope with moral distress and strengthen resilience. Institutions need to create conditions in which the critical care staff are supported to use their spiritual resources. IMPLICATION FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Institutions need to involve staff more in the design, implementation, and delivery of spiritual interventions to minimise moral distress. Further research is necessary to examine the impact of critical care staff's demographic characteristics on their spirituality, moral distress, and resilience.

Factors Influencing Spiritual Health among Nursing Students in the Prolonged COVID-19 Situation.

The COVID-19 pandemic is not only an epidemiological crisis but also a spiritual health crisis that affects nursing students. Spiritual health is essential in maintaining and promoting physical and mental health to achieve happiness, potential, meaning, and purpose of life even during a pandemic. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to examine factors affecting spiritual health of nursing college students. The study adheres to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. A total of 219 nursing students from three nursing colleges in Metropolitan D city participated in the study through an online Google Form questionnaire from 2-18 September 2021. The mean score of spiritual health was 96.98 ± 11.54 (out of 120 points); spiritual health was significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction and academic performance (p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with academic stress (p < 0.001). Factors significantly affecting spiritual health were academic stress (ß = -2.21, p = 0.045), life satisfaction (ß = 3.85, p < 0.001), and academic performance; below score of 3.0 (ß = -2.08, p = 0.039). The explanatory power of these effects was 30.7%. As a future professional nurse who will work in the clinical field where the demand for the spiritual care of patients is increasing, it is necessary to develop and apply a curriculum that can improve the spiritual health of nursing students.

Spiritual Care as a Core Component of Palliative Nursing.

ABSTRACT: Spirituality is one aspect of the human experience that is unique to each person and may become especially important in the face of life-threatening illness. While evidence supports the need to address spirituality as part of holistic palliative care nursing, it is hoped that "spiritual care" will not become another item on nurses' to-do list, but rather will be part of nurses' everyday lives and nursing practice. Taking time to assess personal needs, and consciously connecting to meaning, hope, and peace, can support nurses' return to the deeper roots of nursing. Addressing spirituality as part of palliative nursing care can also acknowledge the complex and multidimensional experiences of the patients that nurses serve. Connecting, or reconnecting, with nurses' unique sense of spirituality can serve as a powerful resource for resilience. This article highlights the relevance of spiritual care to palliative nursing and offers practical tips to incorporate spiritual care into everyday nursing practice.

Who owns spiritual care, and why does it matter?

At our unique juncture in history, challenged by a global pandemic, the impact of climate change, and a polarized political landscape, more and more people are seeking mental health assistance (Mochari-Greenberger & Pande, 2021), and a larger proportion of those who seek help are describing existential or spiritual concerns (Chirico, 2021; Kondrath, 2022). Many psychologists may be experiencing themselves as insufficiently prepared to help with spiritual concerns (Vogel et al., 2013); the mission of this special section is to facilitate discourse and dissemination of resources among chaplains and psychologists to explore the interdisciplinary dynamics of spiritual care and to establish a foundation for the expansion of ethically appropriate, spiritually integrated care where needed. All of the articles presented in this special section were reviewed by both chaplains and psychologists, and often by professionals cross-trained in both fields. Our hope is that this special section will serve to increase interdisciplinary collaboration so that both chaplains and psychologists can provide appropriate services to rise to the present constellation of crises. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Chaplaincy, Judaism, Ukraine, COVID-19 and JORH Jubilee.

This first issue of JORH for 2023 considers (1) the ministry of chaplains, (2) Judaism, (3) the people of war-torn Ukraine, (4) the ongoing saga of COVID-19 and, on a happier note, (5) we celebrate a belated jubilee by presenting a bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Religion and Health (1961-2021). To conclude this issue, a book review is presented, "The Desperate Hours" by award winning journalist Marie Brenner, focusing on one hospital's fight to save New York City during COVID-19. A reminder is also provided to readers on the call for papers regarding a future issue on religion, spirituality, suicide and its prevention.

The relationship between spirituality and aggression in the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study among Iranian nurses.

BACKGROUND: Aggression towards nurses in the workplace arises from various reasons, reportedly increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Where aggression can be maintained by spiritual well-being, as it is said that spirituality is a coping skill and psychological well-being maintainer-but there is little known, especially during the pandemic. Thus, this study explored the effect of spirituality on aggression among the nurses working in the COVID-19 wards. METHODS: This cross-sectional data from 200 nurses involved in the COVID-19 patient treatment were collected using a random sampling method from four hospitals in East Mazandaran province, Iran. Responses were collected based on socio-demographics, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Paloutzian & Ellison Spiritual Well-being Scale. T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were applied for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of nurses was 31.49±6.88 (range: 21-48) years. Nurses working in the COVID-19 wards have a mean score of spiritual health of 67.21±12.84 (out of 120), whereas 51.77±10.96 (out of 116) was for aggression. The results showed a significant negative weak correlation between aggression and spiritual health (r = -.285, p<0.01). As per regression analysis, spiritual health [ß = -.264], age [ß = -.374], and working experience [ß = 4.156] were the significant factors associated with aggression (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is evident that nurses who consider spirituality in their life actions are in a state of reduced negative emotions, such as aggression. Thus, policymakers and managers of the healthcare settings are suggested to promote spirituality among the nurses through spiritual care education, providing the ground for promoting spirituality and a positive attitude towards it.

Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19, Spirituality and Hopelessness in People During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: A global health problem today, COVID-19 has negatively affected both physical and psychological health of people all around the world. Lack of certainty about the course of the disease, failure to anticipate disease severity and duration, lack of effective treatment, and high death risk for certain populations can lead to anxiety and hopelessness for the future. People often resorted to spiritual practices to mitigate the despair the experienced during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, spirituality and hopelessness in people during the COVID-19 pandemic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This descriptive and correlational study was carried out on 628 people. Data were collected from the Personal Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Intrinsic Spirituality Scale. RESULTS: Participants had 19.02±5.25 points in the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, 96.18±17.57 points in the Intrinsic Spirituality Scale and 13.13±4.02 points in the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Fear of COVID-19 was found to have a statistically significant and negative effect on hopelessness (ß=-0.232, p<0.05) and spirituality did not have a mediator role in this effect (-0.019, 0.036). CONCLUSION: People with high level of fear of COVID-19 had low level of hopelessness and spirituality did not play a mediator role in reducing hopelessness. The findings of this study can contribute to protection of public health by planning in advance any psychosocial intervention for high risk groups during future pandemics.